Esophagitis in Pregnancy: What You Need to Know

Heartburn that turns into pain or trouble swallowing can mean esophagitis — inflammation of the esophagus. In pregnancy this happens more often because hormones relax the valve between the stomach and esophagus and the growing uterus pushes on the stomach. That mix makes acid creep up and irritate the lining.

This page gives clear, usable steps to feel better, explains common causes, and tells you when to call your provider.

Common causes and how pregnancy changes things

Most esophagitis in pregnancy comes from reflux (GERD). Acid and stomach contents irritate the esophagus and cause inflammation. Other causes include pressure from the baby, certain pills taken without water, and — less commonly — infections or allergies. Pregnancy hormones and the size of your uterus are the two main reasons reflux and esophagitis show up or get worse while you’re pregnant.

Symptoms and when to get help

Look out for burning behind the breastbone, sour taste, acid burps, pain when swallowing, or the feeling that food is stuck. If you have severe chest pain, vomit blood, see black or bloody stools, can’t swallow liquids, lose weight, or have fever and chills, get medical care right away. Mild-to-moderate symptoms can often be managed with lifestyle steps and simple medicines, but always check with your doctor before starting anything new.

Here are practical ways to reduce symptoms now: eat smaller meals more often, avoid lying down for two hours after eating, raise the head of the bed by 4–6 inches, and avoid common triggers like spicy foods, citrus, chocolate, peppermint, caffeine, and fatty meals. Wear loose clothes around your waist and don’t bend right after eating.

Over-the-counter antacids with calcium carbonate (Tums) are often used safely in pregnancy for short-term relief; they work quickly. Famotidine (an H2 blocker) and certain proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are sometimes recommended if antacids aren’t enough, but you should only take these after talking to your obstetrician or midwife. Never start a prescription drug without medical approval while pregnant.

If a specific pill seems to trigger pain, take it with a full glass of water and stay upright for 30 minutes. For suspected infections or unusual symptoms, your provider may suggest tests or a brief course of targeted treatment.

Most people get clear improvement with lifestyle changes and safe, approved meds. Keep track of what makes your symptoms worse and share that with your care team. That helps pick the simplest, safest plan for both you and the baby.

If you’re unsure whether your symptoms are just bad heartburn or true esophagitis, call your prenatal provider — they can guide you on safe medicines, tests, and when to seek urgent care.